<def-root>A <fen>Complainer</fen> communicates their negative emotional reaction to some state of affairs in a <fen>Complaint</fen> to an <fen>Addressee</fen>. As an alternative to the specific <fen>Complaint</fen>, the <fen>Topic</fen> of the speaker's <fen>Complaint</fen> may be specified. Likewise, instead of (or in addition to) the <fen>Complainer</fen>, a <fen>Medium</fen> may be stated. <ex>The <fex name="Complainer">top US commander in Iraq</fex> <t>complained</t> <fex name="Add">to the Pentagon</fex> <fex name="Time">last winter</fex> <fex name="Complaint">that his supply situation was so poor that it threatened Army troops' ability to fight</fex>.</ex> <ex>He said <fex name="Complainer">he</fex> will <m>lodge</m> a <t>complaint</t> <fex name="Add">with the ACCC</fex>. <fex name="Complaint">DNI</fex></ex> <ex><fex name="Time">On the rare occasions</fex> <fex name="Complainer">I</fex> <t>complained</t> <fex name="Add">to him</fex> <fex name="Topic">about media bias</fex>, Peter immediately ordered up a story that included conservative objections to mainstream reports .</ex> <ex><fex name="Medium">The Op-Eds</fex> were full of <t>gripes</t> <fex name="Top">about the recent tax hike</fex>.</ex></def-root> <def-root>The <fen>Complainer</fen> is the sentient entity that produces the <fen>Complaint</fen> (whether spoken or written). <ex><fex name="Complainer">Peter</fex> has <t>moaned</t> about it on another thread but it sure must be nice for him to wallow again.</ex></def-root> <def-root>The <fen>Addressee</fen> is the person to whom the <fen>Complaint</fen> is communicated. <ex>Fresh out of prison, Martin <t>whinged</t> <fex name="Add">to Sonia</fex> about his life.</ex></def-root> <def-root>The lamentable situation that the <fen>Complainer</fen> is communicating to the <fen>Addressee</fen>. <ex>One observer <t>groused</t> <fex name="com">that Skagway was "little better than hell on earth."</fex></ex></def-root> <def-root>The <fen>Topic</fen> is the subject matter to which the <fen>Complaint</fen> pertains. <ex>Ferdinand attended the reception at the city hall and <t>complained</t> vociferously <fex name="Topic">about his reception at the city</fex>.</ex></def-root> <def-root>Any description of the complaining event (or state) which is not covered by more specific FEs, including secondary effects (<ment>quietly</ment>, <ment>loudly</ment>), and general descriptions comparing events (<ment>the same way</ment>). It may also indicate salient characteristics of the <fen>Complainer</fen> that affect the action (<ment>presumptuously</ment>, <ment>bitterly</ment>, <ment>vociferoursly</ment> ). <ex>The crowd <t>complained</t> <fex name="Manr">vociferously</fex> when the other aldermen met Brewer?s proposal with silence.</ex></def-root> <def-root><fen>Frequency</fen> is defined as the number of times an event occurs per some unit of time. <ex>Robert <fex name="fre">always</fex> <t>complains</t> to the neighbor whose children step on his flowers and ride bikes on his lawn.</ex></def-root> <def-root>An act whereby the <fen>Complainer</fen> makes a complaint. <ex>These people shouldn't be <t>belly-aching</t> about it <fex name="Mns">by accusing the downfall of their candidate because it was all "whiteys" fault</fex>!</ex></def-root> <def-root>The emotional or physical state of the <fen>Complainer</fen> that leads to their complaining. <ex>'Oooh,' he <t>moaned</t> <fex name="Internal_cause">in frustration</fex>.</ex> </def-root> <def-root><fen>Medium</fen> is the physical entity or channel used by the <fen>Complainer</fen> to transmit the <fen>Complaint</fen>. <ex>I don't mean to discount any of what he has <t>bitched</t> about <fex name="Medium">in his article</fex>, because most of his points are actually valid. </ex></def-root> <def-root>The state of the <fen>Complainer</fen> while making the <fen>Complaint</fen>. <ex><fex name="Dep">Pacing the floor at the American Club and getting increasingly drunk</fex>, he <t>lamented</t>, "I want to evacuate but my country won't let me leave." </ex></def-root> <def-root>The <fen>Time</fen> when the complaint is made. <ex>Now <fex name="Time">yesterday</fex> I <t>pissed</t> <t>and</t> <t>moaned</t> about Rolling Stone magazines choice for the number 1 song of all time. </ex></def-root> <def-root>This FE specifies the location where the complaining takes place. <ex>Guest Relations actually refunded the full eighty-five dollar price of the event to many event attendees who <t>complained</t> <fex name="Place">at City Hall</fex>.</ex></def-root> <def-root>Expressions marked with this extra-thematic FE indicate that the particular complaining event referred to is conceived as embedded within an iterated series of similar events or states. Most expressions of <fen>Particular_iteration</fen> indicate which instance of the series is being referred to. <ex>This is the <fex name="par">third</fex> <t>complaint</t> of a similar nature filed by Naber against CN.</ex></def-root> <def-root><fen>Degree</fen> selects some gradable attribute and modifies the expected value for it. </def-root> <def-root>The <fen>Occasion</fen> is the reason a public statement is given.</def-root> <def-root>Denotes a proposition from which the main clause (headed by the target) logically followes. This often means that the <fen>Explanation</fen> causes the complaint, but not in all cases. In particular, there are cases when the connection is a bit weaker than normal for causation. In these instances, cause is mediated by some actor responding in a complex way to the situation. Such cases are not paraphrasable in the language of direct causation. </def-root> <def-root>An event or state which results from the complaining.</def-root> Statement Emotions COD: complain persistently and peevishly COD: complain in a feeble or petulant way COD: express dissatisfaction or annoyance. COD: complain or grumble COD: make malicious or spitefully critical comments. COD: an act or the action of complaining COD: complain pettily; grumble. COD: express regret or disappointment about. COD: express a trivial complaint; grumble. COD: complain noisily or persistently. COD: a trivial complaint. FN: to whine or bitch about something in an annoying and persistent manner. COD: complain or protest in a bad-tempered but muted way FN: the general act of complaining. FN: an injustice (real or imagined)