Skip to main content

LLM-Augmented Curriculum Design: A Framework for Curriculum Innovation in Digital Public Infrastructure Education

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Augmented Cognition (HCII 2025)

Abstract

Digital Public Infrastructures (DPIs) holds the potential to fundamentally transform both public and private service delivery; however, their full impact has yet to be realized. For the full impact of DPI systems to be exploited, practitioners must be equipped with an interdisciplinary understanding of how these systems can transform societal service delivery. Traditional educational curricula often fall short in adequately preparing professionals for this transition, as existing curricula have not been sufficiently adapted to reflect the complexities of current societal needs, thus, the necessity for a modern approach to the curriculum design process. This paper outlines the development process of curricula for two training programs that integrated Large Language Models (LLMs) as an assistive tool, to map out relevant, evidence-based and pedagogically sound educational content. We propose an LLM-augmented framework that could serve as a reference model for incorporating LLMs into the curriculum design process. Our work aims to support educators and policymakers responsible for curriculum development in higher education institutions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
€34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
EUR 29.95
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 69.54
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 87.73
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

') var buybox = document.querySelector("[data-id=id_"+ timestamp +"]").parentNode var buyingOptions = buybox.querySelectorAll(".buying-option") ;[].slice.call(buyingOptions).forEach(initCollapsibles) var buyboxMaxSingleColumnWidth = 480 function initCollapsibles(subscription, index) { var toggle = subscription.querySelector(".buying-option-price") subscription.classList.remove("expanded") var form = subscription.querySelector(".buying-option-form") var priceInfo = subscription.querySelector(".price-info") var buyingOption = toggle.parentElement if (toggle && form && priceInfo) { toggle.setAttribute("role", "button") toggle.setAttribute("tabindex", "0") toggle.addEventListener("click", function (event) { var expandedBuyingOptions = buybox.querySelectorAll(".buying-option.expanded") var buyboxWidth = buybox.offsetWidth ;[].slice.call(expandedBuyingOptions).forEach(function(option) { if (buyboxWidth buyboxMaxSingleColumnWidth) { toggle.click() } else { if (index === 0) { toggle.click() } else { toggle.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "false") form.hidden = "hidden" priceInfo.hidden = "hidden" } } }) } initialStateOpen() if (window.buyboxInitialised) return window.buyboxInitialised = true initKeyControls() })()

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    The term educators refers to individuals who are involved in the process of teaching, guiding, and facilitating learning. Synonyms for “educators,” as used throughout this article, include “teachers” and “instructors”.

  2. 2.

    Challenge-based learning is a multidisciplinary educational approach that is structured outside the traditional learning scope, takes places in an international context, and aims to find collaboratively developed solutions to sociotechnical problems [19].

References

  1. OECD: Governing with Artificial Intelligence: Are governments ready? OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers, No. 20, OECD Publishing, Paris (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  2. G20: G20 Framework for Systems of Digital Public Infrastructure (2023). https://g7g20-documents.org/fileadmin/G7G20_documents/2023/G20/India/Sherpa-Track/Digital%20Economy%20Ministers/2%20Ministers’%20Annex/G20_Digital%20Economy%20Ministers%20Meeting_Annex1_19082023.pdf

  3. Chaudhuri, R.: Decoding the G20 Consensus on Digital Public Infrastructure: A Key Outcome of India’s Presidency | Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation: Digital Public Infrastructure | Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. https://www.gatesfoundation.org/our-work/programs/global-growth-and-opportunity/digital-public-infrastructure. Accessed 29 Jan 2025

  5. GovStack: Digital public Infrastructure, building blocks, and their relation to digital public goods | GovStack. https://www.govstack.global/news/digital-public-infrastructure-building-blocks-and-their-relation-to-digital-public-goods/. Accessed 04 Dec 2024

  6. OECD: Digital public infrastructure for digital governments. OECD Public Governance Policy Papers, No. 68, OECD Publishing, Paris (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  7. OECD: The OECD Framework for digital talent and skills in the public sector. OECD Working Papers on Public Governance, No. 45, OECD Publishing, Paris (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  8. OECD: Skills for the Digital Transition: Assessing Recent Trends Using Big Data. OECD Publishing, Paris (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Vuorikari, R., Kluzer, S., Punie, Y.: DigComp 2.2: The Digital Competence Framework for Citizens - With new examples of knowledge, skills and attitudes. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg (Luxembourg) (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  10. World Economic Forum (WEF): The Future of Jobs Report (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Medaglia, R., Mikalef, P., Tangi, L.: Competences and governance practices for artificial intelligence in the public sector. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg (Luxembourg) (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Scott, C.: The futures of learning 3: what kind of pedagogies for the 21st century? Int. J. Bus. Educ. 164 (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kalmus, J.-E., Nikiforova, A.: Generative AI Adoption in Higher Education: Exploring Educator Resistance in Estonian Universities (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Holmes, W., Tuomi, I.: State of the art and practice in AI in education. Eur. J. Educ. 57, 542–570 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Agostini, D., Picasso, F.: Large Language Models for Sustainable Assessment and Feedback in Higher Education: Towards a Pedagogical and Technological Framework (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Moore, S., Nguyen, H.A., Bier, N., Domadia, T., Stamper, J.: Assessing the quality of student-generated short answer questions using GPT-3. In: Hilliger, I., Muñoz-Merino, P.J., De Laet, T., Ortega-Arranz, A., Farrell, T. (eds.) Educating for a New Future: Making Sense of Technology-Enhanced Learning Adoption, pp. 243–257. Springer, Cham (2022)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Eaves, D., Mazzucato, M., Vasconcellos, B.: Digital public infrastructure and public value: what is “public” about DPI? UCL Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, Working Paper Series (IIPP WP 2024-05). (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V.I., Bond, M., Gouverneur, F.: Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – where are the educators? Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ. 16, 39 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0

  19. Kasneci, E., et al.: ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learn. Individ. Differ. 103, 102274 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Dijkstra, R., Genç, Z., Kayal, S., Kamps, J.: Reading comprehension quiz generation using generative pre-trained transformers. In: iTextbooks@ AIED, pp. 4–17 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Sarsa, S., Denny, P., Hellas, A., Leinonen, J.: Automatic generation of programming exercises and code explanations using large language models. In: Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research - Volume 1, pp. 27–43. ACM, New York (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Zamecnik, A., Barthakur, A., Wang, H., Dawson, S.: Mapping employable skills in higher education curriculum using LLMs. In: Ferreira Mello, R., Rummel, N., Jivet, I., Pishtari, G., Ruipérez Valiente, J.A. (eds.) Technology Enhanced Learning for Inclusive and Equitable Quality Education, pp. 18–32. Springer, Cham (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Karataş, F., Eriçok, B., Tanrikulu, L.: Reshaping curriculum adaptation in the age of artificial intelligence: Mapping teachers’ driven curriculum adaptation patterns. Br. Educ. Res. J. (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Mishra, P., Koehler, M.J.: Technological pedagogical content knowledge: a framework for teacher knowledge. Teach. Coll. Rec. Voice Scholarsh. Educ. 108, 1017–1054 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Lorenz, B., Kikkas, K., Toom, H., Lepikult, T.: A holistic approach to curriculum design and development in informatics education at the university level. Presented at the July (2024)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Somasundaram, M., Latha, P., Pandian, S.A.S.: Curriculum design using artificial intelligence (AI) back propagation method. Procedia Comput Sci. 172, 134–138 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Yin, R.K.: Case Study Research: Design and Methods. Sage Publications, Beverly Hills (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Gerson, D.: Leadership for a high performing civil service: Towards senior civil service systems in OECD countries. OECD Publishing, Paris (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Mollick, E.R., Mollick, L.: Instructors as innovators: a future-focused approach to new AI learning opportunities, with prompts. SSRN Electron. J. (2024). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4802463

  30. White, J., et al.: A Prompt Pattern Catalog to Enhance Prompt Engineering with ChatGPT. arXiv. abs/2302.11382 (2023)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the GovStack Foundation through the Government of Germany (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit), the Estonian government, and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Josephine Lusi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Ethics declarations

The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2025 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Lusi, J., Nikiforova, A., Pappel, I. (2025). LLM-Augmented Curriculum Design: A Framework for Curriculum Innovation in Digital Public Infrastructure Education. In: Schmorrow, D.D., Fidopiastis, C.M. (eds) Augmented Cognition. HCII 2025. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 15778. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-93724-8_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-93724-8_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-93723-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-93724-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics