Anatomical and mechanical changes following repetitive eccentric exertions
- PMID: 15567535
- DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.09.002
Anatomical and mechanical changes following repetitive eccentric exertions
Abstract
Background: Submaximal eccentric exertions occur occupationally when rapidly rising tool-generated forces exceed the operator's capacity to react against them. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short duration repetitive submaximal eccentric forearm exertions at levels comparable to industrial power hand tool use on dynamic mechanical properties (stiffness, effective mass and damping) and on forearm edema.
Methods: This study investigated changes following short term repetitive submaximal eccentric exertions comparable to occupational levels. Eight male participants exercised eccentrically for 30 min at 50% of isometric maximum voluntary contraction forearm supination in a posture and loading similar to power hand tool use in the workplace. Dynamic mechanical properties (stiffness, effective mass and damping) of the upper limb were measured before, immediately following, and daily for three days after the activity. An MRI scan to assess edema was also performed for five of the participants before, on day one and day three following the activity.
Findings: Mechanical stiffness decreased 51% (P < 0.05) and effective mass decreased 43% (P = 0.052) immediately following eccentric exercise. Average isometric strength also decreased 42% immediately following exercise (P < 0.01) and pain persisted for two days. The recovery of static strength however was not correlated with changes in mechanical stiffness (r = 0.56) or effective mass (r = 0.30). The exercised arms had a 360% increase (P < 0.01) in supinator-extensor T(2) relaxation time difference, a quantifiable measure of edema, one day after exercise while the non-exercised arms had no significant changes.
Interpretation: Changes in both T(2) relaxation time, indicative of edema, and forearm mechanical properties, were observed following short duration submaximal repetitive exercise. If similar changes in dynamic mechanical properties of the upper extremity occur following repetitive submaximal eccentric activity in the workplace, they could negatively impact the ability of the arm to react to rapid forceful loading during repetitive industrial work activities and increase mechanical loading of the upper limb.
Similar articles
-
Upper limb mechanical changes following short duration repetitive eccentric exertions.Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2004 Nov;19(9):921-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.06.005. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2004. PMID: 15475124 Clinical Trial.
-
Mechanical and magnetic resonance imaging changes following eccentric or concentric exertions.Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2008 Aug;23(7):961-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2008.03.068. Epub 2008 May 16. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2008. PMID: 18485551 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Prolonged mechanical and physiological changes in the upper extremity following short-term simulated power hand tool use.Ergonomics. 2009 Jan;52(1):15-24. doi: 10.1080/00140130802480877. Ergonomics. 2009. PMID: 19308816
-
Shift of peak torque angle after eccentric exercise.Int J Sports Med. 2008 Mar;29(3):251-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-965337. Epub 2007 Jul 5. Int J Sports Med. 2008. PMID: 17614030
-
[Eccentric muscle work--the unknown side of our movements].Ther Umsch. 2003 Jul;60(7):425-9. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930.60.7.425. Ther Umsch. 2003. PMID: 12956037 Review. German.
Cited by
-
IB4(+) nociceptors mediate persistent muscle pain induced by GDNF.J Neurophysiol. 2012 Nov;108(9):2545-53. doi: 10.1152/jn.00576.2012. Epub 2012 Aug 22. J Neurophysiol. 2012. PMID: 22914655 Free PMC article.
-
A musculoskeletal model of low grade connective tissue inflammation in patients with thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO): the WOMED concept of lateral tension and its general implications in disease.BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2007 Feb 23;8:17. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-8-17. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2007. PMID: 17319961 Free PMC article.
-
Pain during and within hours after exercise in healthy adults.Sports Med. 2014 Jul;44(7):921-42. doi: 10.1007/s40279-014-0172-z. Sports Med. 2014. PMID: 24668291 Review.
-
Thigh muscle segmentation of chemical shift encoding-based water-fat magnetic resonance images: The reference database MyoSegmenTUM.PLoS One. 2018 Jun 7;13(6):e0198200. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198200. eCollection 2018. PLoS One. 2018. PMID: 29879128 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm in motocross racers: findings on MRI.Skeletal Radiol. 2009 Dec;38(12):1153-61. doi: 10.1007/s00256-009-0746-2. Epub 2009 Jul 17. Skeletal Radiol. 2009. PMID: 19609523
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources