Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2013 Feb 15;431(3):586-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.12.139. Epub 2013 Jan 11.

D5 dopamine receptor carboxyl tail involved in D5-D2 heteromer formation

Brian F O'Dowd  1 , Tuan Nguyen, Xiaodong Ji, Susan R George
Affiliations

D5 dopamine receptor carboxyl tail involved in D5-D2 heteromer formation

Brian F O'Dowd et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. .

Abstract

We have demonstrated that D(5) and D(2) dopamine receptors exist as heteromers in cells, and determined these receptor interact through amino acids in the cytoplasmic regions of each receptor. Specifically involved in heteromer formation we identified in the carboxyl tail of the D(5) receptor three adjacent glutamic acid residues, and in intracellular loop 3 of the D(2) receptor two adjacent arginine residues. Any pairing of these three D(5) receptor glutamic acids were sufficient for heteromer formation. These identified residues in D(5) and D(2) receptors are oppositely charged and likely interact by electrostatic interactions.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representation of the cytoplasmic intracellular tail of the D5 dopamine receptor and the cytoplasmic intracellular third loop of the D2 dopamine receptor. The position of the insert of 29 amino acids in the D2 long receptor is indicated by shading.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Visualization of expression of D5 and D2-NLS dopamine receptors. A. D5 (RFP) (red), expressed at the cell surface. B. D5 (RFP) (red) and D2-nls (GFP) (green) co-translocated to the nucleus. C. C1 (D5)(RFP) (red) and D2-nls (GFP) (green) did not co-translocate to the nucleus. D. C4 (D5)(RFP) (red) and D2-nls (GFP) (green) co-translocated to the nucleus. E. C5 (D5)(RFP) (red) and D2-nls (GFP) (green) co-translocated to the nucleus. F. C3 (D5)(RFP) (red) and D2-nls (GFP) (green) did not co-translocate to the nucleus. G. C6 (D5)(RFP) (red) and D2-nls (GFP) (green) co-translocated to the nucleus. H. D5 (RFP) (red) and D2-nls (RR to AA) (GFP) (green) did not co-translocate to the nucleus. I. D5 (RFP) (red) and D1-nls (GFP) (green) co-translocated to the nucleus. J. D5 (RFP) (red) and D1-nls (GFP) (green) co-translocated to the nucleus. Each size bar in figures showing cells indicates length of 10 μm.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. George SR, O’Dowd BF, Lee SP. G-protein-coupled receptor oligomerization and its potential for drug discovery. Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery. 2002;1:808–820. - PubMed
    1. Milligan G. G-protein-coupled receptor heterodimeraztion: contribution to pharmacology and function. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2009;158:5–14. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ciruela F, Vallano A, Arnau JM, Sánchez S, Borroto-Escuela DO, Agnati LF, Fuxe K, Fernández-Dueñas V. G protein-coupled receptor oligomerization for what? J. Recept. Signal Transduct. Res. 2010;30:322–330. - PubMed
    1. Hasbi A, Fan T, Alijaniaram M, Nguyen T, Perreault ML, O’Dowd BF, George SR. Calcium signaling cascade links dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer to striatal BDNF production and neuronal growth. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 2009;106:21377–21382. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Perreault ML, Hasbi A, Alijaniaram M, Fan T, Varghese G, Fletcher PJ, Seeman P, O’Dowd BF, George SR. The dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer localizes in dynorphin/enkephalin neurons: increased high affinity state following amphetamine and in schizophrenia. J. Biol. Chem. 2010;285:36625–36634. P. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources