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Review
. 2014 Oct;42(5):1311-5.
doi: 10.1042/BST20140157.

Functional impact of glycogen degradation on astrocytic signalling

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Review

Functional impact of glycogen degradation on astrocytic signalling

Margit S Müller. Biochem Soc Trans. 2014 Oct.

Abstract

Astrocytic glycogen degradation is an important factor in metabolic support of brain function, particularly during increased neuronal firing. In this context, glycogen is commonly thought of as a source for the provision of energy substrates, such as lactate, to neurons. However, the signalling pathways eliciting glycogen degradation inside astrocytes are themselves energy-demanding processes, a fact that has been emphasized in recent studies, demonstrating dependence of these signalling mechanisms on glycogenolytic ATP.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of glycogenolytic stimuli in astrocytes
GP is regulated by phosphorylation in a cAMP- and Ca+-dependent manner, and activated allosterically by AMP. Four major glycogenolytic stimuli, K+ uptake, Glu uptake and conversion into Gln, NA and SOCE are depicted with their associated signalling pathways. Orange stars emphasize sources of the GP stimuli cAMP, Ca2+ and AMP. Yellow rounded block arrows symbolize sites of ATP hydrolysis. Black arrows represent transport of ions; grey arrows show enzymatic reactions, with enzymes depicted in blue squares. Green arrows, accompanied by a green plus, symbolize activation, whereas red broken arrows with a minus show inhibition. For details, see the text.

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