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Review
. 2015 Aug;296(2):122-32.
doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.04.006. Epub 2015 Apr 28.

Deleterious versus protective autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis

Milos Kostic  1 , Ivana Stojanovic  2 , Goran Marjanovic  3 , Nikola Zivkovic  4 , Ana Cvetanovic  5
Affiliations
Review

Deleterious versus protective autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis

Milos Kostic et al. Cell Immunol. 2015 Aug.

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorder of central nervous system, in which myelin specific CD4(+) T cells have a central role in orchestrating pathological events involved in disease pathogenesis. There is compelling evidence that Th1, Th9 and Th17 cells, separately or in cooperation, could mediate deleterious autoimmune response in MS. However, the phenotype differences between Th cell subpopulations initially employed in MS pathogenesis are mainly reflected in the different patterns of inflammation introduction, which results in the development of characteristic pathological features (blood-brain barrier disruption, demyelination and neurodegeneration), clinically presented with MS symptoms. Although, autoimmunity was traditionally seen as deleterious, some studies indicated that autoimmunity mediated by Th2 cells and T regulatory cells could be protective by nature. The concept of protective autoimmunity in MS pathogenesis is still poorly understood, but could be of great importance in better understanding of MS immunology and therefore, creating better therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: Multiple sclerosis; Protective autoimmunity; Regulatory T cells; Th1 cells; Th17 cells; Th2 cells; Th9 cells.

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