A microbial signature for Crohn's disease
- PMID: 28179361
- PMCID: PMC5531220
- DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313235
A microbial signature for Crohn's disease
Abstract
Objective: A decade of microbiome studies has linked IBD to an alteration in the gut microbial community of genetically predisposed subjects. However, existing profiles of gut microbiome dysbiosis in adult IBD patients are inconsistent among published studies, and did not allow the identification of microbial signatures for CD and UC. Here, we aimed to compare the faecal microbiome of CD with patients having UC and with non-IBD subjects in a longitudinal study.
Design: We analysed a cohort of 2045 non-IBD and IBD faecal samples from four countries (Spain, Belgium, the UK and Germany), applied a 16S rRNA sequencing approach and analysed a total dataset of 115 million sequences.
Results: In the Spanish cohort, dysbiosis was found significantly greater in patients with CD than with UC, as shown by a more reduced diversity, a less stable microbial community and eight microbial groups were proposed as a specific microbial signature for CD. Tested against the whole cohort, the signature achieved an overall sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 94%, 94%, 89% and 91% for the detection of CD versus healthy controls, patients with anorexia, IBS and UC, respectively.
Conclusions: Although UC and CD share many epidemiologic, immunologic, therapeutic and clinical features, our results showed that they are two distinct subtypes of IBD at the microbiome level. For the first time, we are proposing microbiomarkers to discriminate between CD and non-CD independently of geographical regions.
Keywords: INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE; INTESTINAL BACTERIA.
Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
Conflict of interest statement
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Comment in
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Gut microbiota: Diagnosing IBD with the gut microbiome.Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Apr;14(4):195. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2017.25. Epub 2017 Mar 1. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017. PMID: 28250469 No abstract available.
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A microbial signature for Crohn's disease.Turk J Gastroenterol. 2017 May;28(3):237-238. doi: 10.5152/tjg.2017.24031. Epub 2017 Apr 14. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2017. PMID: 28408358 No abstract available.
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Guiding longitudinal sampling in IBD cohorts.Gut. 2018 Sep;67(9):1743-1745. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315352. Epub 2017 Oct 21. Gut. 2018. PMID: 29055911 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
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