Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2019 May;53(5):497-521.
doi: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1612059. Epub 2019 May 16.

Oxidative stress in biological systems and its relation with pathophysiological functions: the effect of physical activity on cellular redox homeostasis

Joanna Kruk  1 , Hassan Y Aboul-Enein  2 , Aleksandra Kładna  3 , Jacquelyn E Bowser  4
Affiliations
Review

Oxidative stress in biological systems and its relation with pathophysiological functions: the effect of physical activity on cellular redox homeostasis

Joanna Kruk et al. Free Radic Res. 2019 May.

Abstract

The body of evidence from the past three decades demonstrates that oxidative stress can be involved in several diseases. This study aims to summarise the current state of knowledge on the association between oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of some characteristic to the biological systems diseases and aging process. This review also presents the effect of physical activity on redox homeostasis. There is strong evidence from studies for participation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in pathogenesis of acute and chronic diseases based on animal models and human studies. Elevated levels of pro-oxidants and various markers of the oxidative stress and cells and tissues damage linked with pathogenesis of cancer, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, reproductive system diseases, and aging were reported. Evidence confirmed that inflammation contributes widely to multiple chronic diseases and is closely linked with oxidative stress. Regular moderate physical activity regulates oxidative stress enhancing cellular antioxidant defence mechanisms, whereas acute exercise not preceded by training can alter cellular redox homeostasis towards higher level of oxidative stress. Future studies are needed to clarify the multifaceted effects of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species on cells and tissues and to continue study on the biochemical roles of antioxidants and physical activity in prevention of oxidative stress-related tissue injury.

Keywords: Biological systems; human diseases; inflammation; oxidative stress; physical exercise; reactive oxygen/nitrogen species.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

MeSH terms

Substances