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. 2023 Mar;12(1):98-121.
doi: 10.1007/s13668-022-00447-8.

The Association Between Nutrition, Obesity, Inflammation, and Endometrial Cancer: A Scoping Review

Tinna Osk Thrastardottir #  1 , Viana Jacquline Copeland #  1 , Constantina Constantinou  2
Affiliations

The Association Between Nutrition, Obesity, Inflammation, and Endometrial Cancer: A Scoping Review

Tinna Osk Thrastardottir et al. Curr Nutr Rep. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy and represents a notorious threat to women's health worldwide. Endometrial cancer predominantly affects post-menopausal women; yet the prevalence of this disease has been rising also among pre-menopausal women. Poor nutritional habits, inflammation, and obesity may be associated with endometrial cancer (EC) among both pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women and should be further assessed among a wide spectrum of age groups.

Recent findings: This scoping review explores and reports on primary research studies conducted to investigate the impact of nutrition, inflammation, and/or obesity on endometrial cancer risk among both pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women. Using a predefined protocol in compliance with the PRISMA guidelines, a search was conducted on four separate databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, and Google Scholar to investigate the association between nutrition, inflammation, obesity, and endometrial cancer. A total of 4862 articles were identified. Following a full article analysis, 27 articles met the full inclusion criteria and were included in the current review. Findings from the literature support a role of nutrition, obesity, and inflammation in the development of EC. The studies included in the current review supported that plant-based, Mediterranean, or ketogenic diets are associated with a lower risk of EC while there is no association between glycemic index and EC risk. On the other hand, increased BMI is associated with a higher risk of EC and there is a positive association between obesity-related pro-inflammatory biomarkers and increased risk for EC development. Further research needs to be conducted to gain more insight into the complex interactions between nutrition, obesity, and inflammation and their association with EC development among pre-, peri-, and post- menopausal women with the ultimate goal to improve management and preventive strategies and achieve reduced prevalence of endometrial cancer.

Keywords: BMI; Endometrial cancer; Inflammation; Nutrition; Obesity.

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References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: •  Of importance •• Of major importance
    1. Constantine G, Kessler G, Graham S, Goldstein S. Increased incidence of endometrial cancer following the Women’s Health Initiative: an assessment of risk factors. J Womens Health. 2019;28(2):237–43. - DOI
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    1. • Siegel R, Miller K, Fuchs H, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2021. CA: Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(1):7–33. This article is important as it reports that incidence and age-adjusted death rates for EC are on the rise with a 0.5% and 1.7% increase respectively from 2009 to 2019. Raises the concern for more research.
    1. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel R, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, Bray F. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–249.
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