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Review
. 2024 Nov-Dec;20(11-12):1037-1052.
doi: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2401584. Epub 2024 Sep 10.

In vitro neurotoxicity testing: lessons from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity

Olga Tarasiuk  1   2 , Chiara Invernizzi  1   3 , Paola Alberti  1   2   4
Affiliations
Review

In vitro neurotoxicity testing: lessons from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity

Olga Tarasiuk et al. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2024 Nov-Dec.

Abstract

Introduction: Chemotherapy induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is a long-lasting, or even permanent, late toxicity caused by largely used anticancer drugs. CIPN affects a growing population of cancer survivors and diminishes their quality of life since there is no curative/preventive treatment. Among several reasons for this unmet clinical need, there is an incomplete knowledge on mechanisms leading to CIPN. Therefore, bench side research is still greatly needed: in vitro studies are pivotal to both evaluate neurotoxicity mechanisms and potential neuroprotection strategies.

Areas covered: Advantages and disadvantages of in vitro approaches are addressed with respect to their applicability to the CIPN field. Different cell cultures and techniques to assess neurotoxicity/neuroprotection are described. PubMed search-string: (chemotherapy-induced) AND (((neuropathy) OR neurotoxicity) OR neuropathic pain) AND (in vitro) AND (((((model) OR SH-SY5Y) OR PC12) OR iPSC) OR DRG neurons); (chemotherapy-induced) AND (((neuropathy) OR neurotoxicity) OR neuropathic pain) AND (model) AND (((neurite elongation) OR cell viability) OR morphology). No articles published before 1990 were selected.

Expert opinion: CIPN is an ideal experimental setting to test axonal damage and, in general, peripheral nervous system mechanisms of disease and neuroprotection. Therefore, starting from robust preclinical data in this field, potentially, relevant biological rationale can be transferred to other human spontaneous diseases of the peripheral nervous system.

Keywords: Neurotoxicity; anatomy; chemotherapy; in vitro testing; peripheral neuropathy; peripheral neurotoxicity.

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