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. 2024 Aug 16;57(4):256-262.
doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1788999. eCollection 2024 Aug.

Normative Data of Grip Strength and Pinch Strength in the Indian Population

Subashini Rajendiran  1 , G Mithun Pai  2 , Vishal Verma  3 , Srinivasan Rajappa  1 , Anil Bhat  2 , Sunil Gaba  4 , Mukund Thatte  5
Affiliations

Normative Data of Grip Strength and Pinch Strength in the Indian Population

Subashini Rajendiran et al. Indian J Plast Surg. .

Abstract

Background There is no normative study of transregional grip strength data available from India. Hence, a multicenter study is designed to obtain reference value. Materials and Methods This is a prospective observational study conducted as a part of the Indian normative data project of the Indian Society for Surgery of the Hand. The study included three participating centers: one from the northern part and two from the southern part. Certified calibrated Jamar dynamometer and Jamar pinch gauge were used to measure the grip strength, key pinch strength, tip pinch strength, and tripod pinch strength as per the guidelines of the American Society of Hand Therapists. Results A total of 1,019 volunteers in the age group of 18 to 60 years were studied. The mean grip strength in males and females was 38.18 and 24.06 kg, respectively. The mean key pinch strength was 8.52 kg in males and 5.97 kg in females. The mean tip pinch strength was 4.86 kg in males and 3.59 kg in females. The mean tripod pinch strength was 5.41 kg in males and 4.16 kg in females. Conclusions All four strengths were lower in value when compared with American and other populations. The men had more strength than women. There was no relation to hand dominance. There was a correlation for age and height but no correlation with body mass index (BMI).

Keywords: grip strength; key pinch strength; normative data; reference values; tip pinch strength; tripod pinch strength.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest None declared.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Position to measure grip strength.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Jamar dynamometer is set in the second handle and supported by the examiner.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Key pinch (lateral pinch).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Tip pinch.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Tripod pinch (chuck pinch or palmar pinch).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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