Apollo CSM

The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20061111150252/http://www.astronautix.com:80/craft/apolocsm.htm

Apollo CSM

Apollo CSM
Credit - © Mark Wade

Other Designations: Command Service Module. Class: Manned. Type: Lunar Orbiter. Destination: Moon. Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Manufacturer: North American.

The Apollo Command Service Module was the spacecraft developed by NASA in the 1960's as a standard spacecraft for earth and lunar orbit missions. Block II CSM's were the only version to fly manned, and they successfully ferried crews to the moon, to the Skylab space station, and to a joint docking with the Russian Soyuz. No production was undertaken after the initial run of 13 Block II capsules - Apollo was abandoned in favor of the Shuttle as the ferry for American manned spaceflight. Forty years later, the Shuttle was to be retired, and a design similar to the Apollo, the CEV, was conceived as the Shuttle's 'replacement'.

See Apollo Spacecraft Systems Development Diaries for details on development of the CSM by subsystem.

Unit Cost $: 77.000 million. Crew Size: 3.00. Length: 11.03 m (36.18 ft). Maximum Diameter: 3.90 m (12.70 ft). Habitable Volume: 6.17 m3. Mass: 30 329 kg (66 863 lb). RCS Impulse: 3 774 kgf-sec. Main Engine: AJ10-137. Main Engine Thrust: 97.860 kN (22 000 lbf). Main Engine Propellants: N2O4/UDMH. Main Engine Propellants: 18 488 kg (40 759 lb). Main Engine Isp: 314 sec. Spacecraft delta v: 2 804 m/s (9 199 ft/sec). Electrical System: Fuel Cells. Electric System: 6.30 average kW. Electric System: 690.00 kWh. Associated Launch Vehicle: Saturn I, Saturn IB, Saturn V.

Photo Gallery

Apollo CM. Other Designations: Command Module. Part of: Apollo CSM. Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft Module.

Crew Size: 3.00. Length: 3.47 m (11.38 ft). Basic Diameter: 3.90 m (12.70 ft). Maximum Diameter: 3.90 m (12.70 ft). Habitable Volume: 6.17 m3. Mass: 5 806 kg (12 800 lb). Structure Mass: 1 567 kg (3 454 lb). Heat Shield Mass: 848 kg (1 869 lb). Reaction Control System: 400 kg (880 lb). Recovery Equipment: 245 kg (540 lb). Navigation Equipment: 505 kg (1 113 lb). Telemetry Equipment: 200 kg (440 lb). Electrical Equipment: 700 kg (1 540 lb). Communications Systems: 100 kg (220 lb). Crew Seats and Provisions: 550 kg (1 210 lb). Crew mass: 216 kg (476 lb). Miscellaneous Contingency: 200 kg (440 lb). Environmental Control System: 200 kg (440 lb). RCS Coarse No x Thrust: 12 x 410 N. RCS Propellants: N2O4/UDMH. RCS Isp: 290 sec. RCS Impulse: 257 kgf-sec. Main Engine Propellants: n/a. Main Engine Propellants: 75 kg (165 lb). L/D Hypersonic: 0.30. Electrical System: Batteries. Electric System: 20.00 kWh. Battery: 1 000.00 Ah.

Apollo SM. Other Designations: Service Module. Part of: Apollo CSM. Class: Propulsion. Type: Tug.

Length: 7.56 m (24.80 ft). Basic Diameter: 3.90 m (12.70 ft). Maximum Diameter: 3.90 m (12.70 ft). Mass: 24 523 kg (54 063 lb). Structure Mass: 1 910 kg (4 210 lb). Electrical Equipment: 1 200 kg (2 600 lb). RCS Coarse No x Thrust: 16 x 440 N. RCS Propellants: N2O4/UDMH. RCS Isp: 290 sec. RCS Impulse: 3 517 kgf-sec. Main Engine: 3 000 kg (6 600 lb). Main Engine Thrust: 97.860 kN (22 000 lbf). Main Engine Propellants: N2O4/UDMH. Main Engine Propellants: 18 413 kg (40 593 lb). Main Engine Isp: 314 sec. Spacecraft delta v: 2 804 m/s (9 199 ft/sec). Electrical System: Fuel Cells. Electric System: 6.30 average kW. Electric System: 670.00 kWh.

Bibliography and Further Reading

NASA Report, Extension of Investigation of CSM Rescue of LEM, Project Apollo, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19700076396_1970076396.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Aerodynamic stability characteristics of the Apollo Launch Escape Vehicle /LEV/ with canard surfaces deployed, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19680002172_1968002172.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Aerodynamic stability characteristics of the Apollo command module, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19680021973_1968021973.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Command Module Pilot And Drogue Parachute Pyrotechnic Mortar Test, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19770075732_1977075732.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, The Effects of Wind Forces On A Thrusting Launch Vehicle And Launch Escape System For Apollo Mode 1 Aborts, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19700024989_1970024989.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Docking Test Device Design Study Final Report, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19650015117_1965015117.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Data Report For Wind Tunnel Tests of A 0.01-Scale Apollo Model (Fsc-1) To Determine The Effect of The Command Module And Several Parachute Parameters On Drogue Parachute Stability, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19760065920_1976065920.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

USAF Satellite Database, USAF Institute of Technology, 1995. Accessed at: ftp://archive.afit.af.mil/pub/space/.

NASA Report, Space Navigation Guidance and Control, Volume 1, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19660019462_1966019462.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Static Electricity in the Apollo Spacecraft, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19700004167_1970004167.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, A Brief Investigation of CSM Rescue of LEM, Project Apollo, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19700075872_1970075872.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo: Guidance and control system 2, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740073598_1974073598.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo: Guidance and control system , . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740073599_1974073599.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo heat shield phase 1 , . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790077088_1979077088.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Operating stability of the Apollo fuel-cell condenser, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19650016649_1965016649.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo service propulsion system rocket engine optimized SPS injector development and verification program, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19770075735_1977075735.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Space Navigation Guidance and Control, Volume 2, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19660019469_1966019469.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, A transient heat transfer and thermodynamic analysis of the Apollo service module propulsion system Summary report, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19670027893_1967027893.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: The Application of a Computerized Visualization Capability to Lunar Missions, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720017950_1972017950.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: The AN/ARD-17 Direction Finding System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750010201_1975010201.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Aerothermodynamics Evaluation, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720018273_1972018273.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Acceptance Checkout Equipment for the Apollo Spacecraft, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720012255_1972012255.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Abort Planning, . Accessed at: http://www.klabs.org/history/apollo_experience_reports/tn-d6847_apollo_abort_planning.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Over the Moon: A View from Orbit, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19780013231_1978013231.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Aerodynamic stability characteristics of the Apollo launch escape vehicle, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19670020797_1967020797.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Analysis of crew performance in the Apollo command module, phase II. Volume I, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19670029477_1967029477.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Plasma Effects on Apollo Re-entry Communication, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19650019316_1965019316.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo System Engineering Manual. Environmental Control System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790077156_1979077156.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Review of environmental control systems for Apollo, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790077159_1979077159.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, CSM fuel requirements for a LM rescue in lunar orbit, Project Apollo, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19770076349_1977076349.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Heat Shield, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790077010_1979077010.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, A full-size pilot-controlled docking simulation of the Apollo command and service module with the lunar module, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19670002480_1967002480.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Command Module Land-Impact Tests, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720025207_1972025207.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Command and Service Module Stabilization and Control System Design Survey - December 1968, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19690023263_1969023263.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Analysis of crew performance in the Apollo command module, phase II. Volume II - Appendix, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19670029485_1967029485.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

Baker, David, The History of Manned Spaceflight, Crown, New York, 1981. The best overview of America's manned space programs up to Skylab. Information and details not available anywhere else. Unfortunately out of print and difficult to locate.

Kraft, Christopher C, editor, Manned Spacecraft: Engineering Design and Operation, NASA, 1968.. Collection of articles presenting technical aspects of the design of the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo spacecraft.

Loftus, J P, Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, "An Historical Overview of NASA Manned Spacecraft and their Crew Stations", 1985, Volume 38, page 354.

Wade, Mark, Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, "World Manned Spacecraft Characteristics", 1981, Volume 34, page 425.

Wilson, Keith T., Spaceflight, "EVA Log 1965-1997", 1998, Volume 40, page 85.

Turnill, Reginald,, The Observer's Spaceflight Directory, Frederick Warne, London, 1978. ISBN: 0723220514. Good miniature encyclopaedia of space programs just before the shuttle started flying. More at amazon.com...

Furniss, Tim, Manned Spaceflight Log, Jane's, London, 1986. ISBN: 0710604025. Summary of all manned spaceflights up to 1986. Pre-Glasnost, so many 'war stories' of Soviet manned spaceflight are not included. More at amazon.com...

NASA Report, Radiative Heating to the Apollo Command Module: Engineering Prediction and Flight Measurement, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720017314_1972017314.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

Brooks, Courtney G, Grimwood, Hames M, Swenson, Lloyd S, Chariots for Apollo, Government Printing Office, 1989. The official version - NASA's history of the Apollo program. Accessed at: http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-4205/cover.html.

Kamanin, N P, Skritiy kosmos, Infortext, Moscow, 1995. The diary of the Commander of the Soviet Cosmonaut Team in the 1960's - a source of great insights into the space program. Four volumes issued to date.

Gatland, Kenneth, Manned Spacecraft, Macmillan, New York, 1968. ISBN: 0025428209. First of a marvelous series of pocket-size hardbacks covering spacecraft and rocketry. More at amazon.com...

Emme, Eugene M, Aeronautical and Astronautical Events of 1961 Report of NASA to the Committee on Science and Astronautics US House of Representatives 87th Cong 2d Sess, NASA, 1962. Accessed at: http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/timeline.html.

Ertel , Ivan D; Morse , Mary Louise; et al, The Apollo Spacecraft Chronology Vol I - IV NASA SP-4009, NASA, 1966-1974. Accessed at: http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-4009/cover.htm.

JPL Mission and Spacecraft Library, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1997. Accessed at: http://msl.jpl.nasa.gov/home.html.

Krebs, Gunter, Gunter's Space Page, University of Frankfurt, 1996. Accessed at: http://www.skyrocket.de/space.

McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page, Harvard University, 1997-present. Jonathan McDowell's complete on-line listing of all objects orbited and over 20,000 rocket launches Accessed at: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.

Chaikin, Andrew, A Man on the Moon, Viking, New York, 1994. ISBN: 0140272011. Highly touted but perhaps overrated survey of the Apollo missions. More at amazon.com...

NASA Report, Apollo spacecraft familiarization: NASA support manual - December 1965, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19770078690_1977078690.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Battery Subsystem, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720024228_1972024228.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, The Apollo Parachute Landing System - September 1968, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730062665_1973062665.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Training Sequential Events Control System, . Accessed at: http://www.jdkbph.com/histdocs/apollo/Apollo%20Training%20Sequential%20Events%20Control.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Guidance & Control Systems - Block II (9/15/67), . Accessed at: http://www.jdkbph.com/histdocs/apollo/Apollo%20Training%20Guidance%20And%20Control%2009-67.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Guidance & Control Systems - Block II (2/10/67), . Accessed at: http://www.jdkbph.com/histdocs/apollo/Apollo%20Training%20Guidance%20And%20Control%2002-10-67.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Guidance & Navigation System (7/1/65), . Accessed at: http://www.jdkbph.com/histdocs/apollo/Apollo%20Training%20Guidance%20and%20Navigation%2007-65.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

McDowell, Jonathan, Launch Log, October 1998. Jonathan McDowell's complete on-line listing of all objects orbited since Sputnik. Accessed at: http://hea-www.harvard.edu/~jcm/space/log/launch.html.

NASA Report, NASA support manual: Apollo spacecraft familiarization - December 1966, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740075010_1974075010.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

Cassutt, Michael and Slayton, Deke, Deke! U.S. Manned Space: from Mercury to the Shuttle, Tom Doherty Associates, New York, 1994. ISBN: 031285918X. Absolutely the best astronaut biography - full inside details on the personalities of the US astronauts from the one who knew them all - and decided who would go to the moon. More at amazon.com...

NASA Report, Apollo Command Module News Reference (1968), . Accessed at: http://www.jdkbph.com/histdocs/apollo/ApolloNewsRefCM1968.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo digital up-data link description, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19650024640_1965024640.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Block II Apollo Operations Handbook Volume 1, . Accessed at: http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm.

WDC Rocket File (electronic version, supplied 2001) (via Jonathon McDowell).

Ezell, Edward Clinton and Ezell, Linda Neuman, The Partnership: A History of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, NASA History Series SP-4209, 1978. NASA official history of the first international manned space project.

Oberg, James, and Cassutt, MIchael, Spaceflight, "Phantom Space Crews", Vol 26, June 1984, p. 274.

NASA Report, Apollo Visibility Handbook - October 1968, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19690067137_1969067137.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Spacecraft & Systems Familiarization (9/15/67), . Accessed at: http://www.jdkbph.com/histdocs/apollo/Apollo%20FAM%2067.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Guidance and Control Systems - Digital Autopilot Design Development, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730017161_1973017161.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Service Propulsion Subsystem, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730023031_1973023031.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Guidance and Control Systems: CSM Service Propulsion System Gimbal Actuators, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750017908_1975017908.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Guidance and Control Systems: Stabilizaton and Control, . Accessed at: http://www.klabs.org/history/apollo_experience_reports/tn-d7785_apollo_gnc_stabilization_control.pdf. -right click to download

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Guidance and Control Systems: Command and Service Module Entry Monitor Subsystem, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750005834_1975005834.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Guidance and Control Systems: Primary Guidance, Navigation, and Control System Development, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19760016247_1976016247.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Guidance and Control systems. Mission Control Programmer for Unmanned Missions AS-202, Apollo 4, and Apollo 6, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750018952_1975018952.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Environmental Acceptance Testing, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19760019157_1976019157.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Guidance And Control Systems: Automated Control System For Unmanned Mission As-201, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750018955_1975018955.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Entry Aerodynamics At Lunar Return Conditions Obtained From The Flight of Apollo 4 (As-501) , . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19690029435_1969029435.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Guidance and Control Systems, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19760019156_1976019156.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Ground-Support Equipment, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750011211_1975011211.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Food Systems, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740020236_1974020236.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Flight-Control Data Needs, Terminal Display Devices, and Ground System Configuration Requirements, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740015284_1974015284.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Evolution of the Rendezvous-Maneuver Plan for the Lunar-Landing Missions, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730021150_1973021150.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Ascent Propulsion System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730010173_1973010173.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Guidance and Control Systems. Engineering Simulation Program, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730016146_1973016146.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Guidance and Control Systems: Command and Service Module Stabilization and Control System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/index.cgi?method=display&redirect=http://ntrs.nasa.gov/a ? ???? ??? ? ????????????????????

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Spacecraft Pyrotechnic Systems, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730011151_1973011151.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Command and Service Module Reaction Control System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730017174_1973017174.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Command and Service Module Electrical Power Distributions System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740011403_1974011403.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Abort Planning, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720017278_1972017278.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report The Docking System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720018207_1972018207.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Certification Test Program, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720017825_1972017825.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Reports: Window Contamination, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720012257_1972012257.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report Reliability and Quality Assurance, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730023037_1973023037.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo 4 mission report. Supplement 7: Command-module/service-module separation disturbances, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740072943_1974072943.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Skylab: Command Service Module Systems Handbook, CSM 116 - 119, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720067844_1972067844.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Cloud Comparisons Netween Apollo 6 Photography and ATS 3 and ESSA 3 Photography, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19710025090_1971025090.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo 6 Entry Postflight Analysis, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740072949_1974072949.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo 6 (A-2 or AS-502/020) operational Mode 1 Launch escape vehicle abort plan, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740072731_1974072731.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo 6 Press Kit (no pages 49, 60, 61), . Accessed at: http://www-lib.ksc.nasa.gov/lib/archives/apollo/pk/1APOLLO6.PDF. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo 6 Mission Report, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19800074520_1980074520.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Engineering and Analysis Mission Support, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750018953_1975018953.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report - Launch Escape Propulsion Subsystem, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730010175_1973010175.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report the Command and Service Module Milestone Review Process, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740014393_1974014393.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Crew Station Integration. Volume 1: Crew Station Design and Development, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19760011098_1976011098.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo experience report: Consumables budgeting, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730011147_1973011147.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Communications Used During Recovery Operations, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740015285_1974015285.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Communications System Flight Evaluation and Verification, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720017536_1972017536.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Command Module Uprighting System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730010171_1973010171.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Command And Service Module Sequential Events Control Subsystem, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/index.cgi?method=display&redirect=http://ntrs.nasa.gov/a ? ???? ??? ? ????????????????????

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Evolution of the Attitude Time Line, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730011145_1973011145.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Command and Service Module Environmental Control System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720012252_1972012252.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Crew Station Integration. Volume 4: Stowage and the Support Team Concept, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730023039_1973023039.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Command and Service Module Instrumentation Subsystem, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730023029_1973023029.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report, . Accessed at: http://klabs.org/history/apollo_experience_reports/tn-d7609.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Command and Service Module Controls and Displays Subsystem, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19760026143_1976026143.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Command and Service Module Communications Subsystem, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740008447_1974008447.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Certification System, . Accessed at: http://www.klabs.org/history/apollo_experience_reports/tn-d6857_apollo_certification_system.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Flight Anomaly Resolution, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750017909_1975017909.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Command And Service Module RCS, . Accessed at: http://klabs.org/history/apollo_experience_reports/tn-d7151_csm_rcs.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Development of the Extravehicular Mobility Unit, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19760003073_1976003073.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Electrical Wiring Subsystem, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750010203_1975010203.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720012254_1972012254.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Earth Landing System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740003586_1974003586.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Docking System, . Accessed at: http://www.klabs.org/history/apollo_experience_reports/tn-d6854_apollo_docking%20_system.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Development of Guidance Targeting Techniques for the Command Module and Launch Vehicle, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720017025_1972017025.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: The Development of Design-Loads Criteria, Methods, and Operational Procedures for Prelaunch, Lift-off, and Midboost Conditions, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730021143_1973021143.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Crew Station Integration. Volume 2: Crew Station Displays and Controls, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750012347_1975012347.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Development and Use of Specialized Radio Equipment for Apollo Recovery Operations, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740008446_1974008446.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Crew Station Integration. Volume 3: Spacecraft Hand Controller Development, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750010202_1975010202.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Detection and Minimization of Ignition Hazards from Water/Glycol Contamination of Silver-Clad Electrical Circuitry, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19760011096_1976011096.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Descent Propulsion System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730011150_1973011150.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Data Management for Postflight Engineering Evaluation, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740015283_1974015283.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: The Cryogenic Storage System, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730017162_1973017162.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report. Crew-Support Activities for Experiments Performed During Manned Space Flight, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740026210_1974026210.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Crew Station Integration. Volume 5: Lighting Considerations, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730017160_1973017160.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Assessment of Metabolic Expenditures; Extravehicular Activity, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750010199_1975010199.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Development Flight Instrumentation; Telemetry Equipment for Space Flight Test Program, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740010398_1974010398.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

NASA Report, Apollo Experience Report: Flight instrumentation calibration, . Accessed at: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730012154_1973012154.pdf. -right click to download pdfs!

Contact us with any corrections, additions, or comments.

Conditions for use of drawings, pictures, or other materials from this site..
Last update 26 October 2003.
To contact astronauts or cosmonauts.

© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2007 except where otherwise noted.

Encyclopedia
Astronautica
topic index
Alphabetical
0 - A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - Ra - Re - Sa - Sf - Sp - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z
Search

The past is but the beginning of a beginning, and all that is and has been is but the twilight of the dawn.
-- H G Wells

Sep	NOV	Mar
	11
2005	2006	2007