Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants.

From: Poor sleep is associated with lower physical activity in a population-based cohort of middle-aged and older adults

Characteristics*

Total

Women

Men

Number of participants, n (%)

51,247

25,241 (49.3)

26,006 (50.7)

Age, years

70.0 (8.1)

70.5 (7.7)

69.5 (8.4)

Education, n (%)

   

≤ 9 years

15,279 (32.1)

7,548 (34.7)

7,731 (29.8)

10–12 years

22,255 (46.7)

9,063 (41.7)

13,192 (50.8)

> 12 years

10,144 (21.3)

5,118 (23.6)

5,026 (19.4)

Full-time or part-time employed, n (%)

13,455 (27.2)

5,458 (22.3)

7,997 (32.1)

Cohabiting, n (%)

34,679 (74.0)

13,433 (59.7)

21,246 (87.2)

Cigarette smoking, n (%)

   

Non-smokers

24,422 (51.4)

13,372 (57.2)

11,050 (45.8)

Former smokers

18,530 (39.0)

7,565 (32.3)

10,965 (45.5)

Current smokers

4,551 (9.6)

2,459 (10.5)

2,092 (8.7)

Alcohol intake, g/day,

median (Q1-Q3)

4.3 (0.9–10.5)

2.5 (0.5–6.9)

6.8 (2.1–13.8)

Body mass index, kg/m2

26.0 (4.1)

25.7 (4.5)

26.3 (3.6)

Charlson comorbidity index, n (%)

   

0

36,875 (72.0)

18,450 (73.1)

18,425 (70.9)

1

6,947 (13.6)

2,984 (11.8)

3,963 (15.2)

≥ 2

7,425 (14.5)

3,807 (15.1)

3,618 (13.9)

History of depression, n (%)

4,479 (8.7)

2,915 (11.6)

1,564 (6.0)

Walking/bicycling > 40 min/day, n (%)

16,962 (33.7)

8,191 (33.2)

8,771 (34.2)

Exercise ≥ 2 h/week, n (%)

7,580 (15.2)

3,735 (15.3)

3,845 (15.1)

Reading/watching TV > 4 h/day, n (%)

3,826 (7.5)

1,975 (7.9)

1,851 (7.2)

Habitual sleep duration, hours/night, n (%)

   

< 7

16,040 (31.9)

8,318 (33.8)

7,722 (30.0)

7 - <9

30,889 (61.3)

14,405 (58.5)

16,484 (64.1)

≥ 9

3,426 (6.8)

1,922 (7.8)

1,504 (5.9)

Difficulty falling asleep, n (%)

9,991 (20.1)

6,841 (28.4)

3,150 (12.3)

Repeated awakenings with difficulty falling asleep, n (%)

13,693 (28.2)

8,417 (35.9)

5,276 (21.1)

Early awakenings, n (%)

14,692 (30.4)

8,112 (34.7)

6,580 (26.4)

Disturbed sleep, n (%)

11,920 (24.9)

6,929 (30.4)

4,991 (19.9)

Sleep apnea/cessation of breathing, n (%)

3,671 (7.7)

1,024 (4.5)

2,647 (10.8)

Disturbing snoring, n (%)

11,391 (23.5)

3,958 (16.9)

7,433 (29.6)

  1. *Values are means ± SD or percentages. Some characteristics have a total number less than 51,247 due to missing values that were imputed prior to the statistical analysis.
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