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. 2012 Dec;13(12):1172-87.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2012.09.013.

Identification of patient subgroups and risk factors for persistent breast pain following breast cancer surgery

Christine Miaskowski  1 , Bruce Cooper, Steven M Paul, Claudia West, Dale Langford, Jon D Levine, Gary Abrams, Deborah Hamolsky, Laura Dunn, Marylin Dodd, John Neuhaus, Christina Baggott, Anand Dhruva, Brian Schmidt, Janine Cataldo, John Merriman, Bradley E Aouizerat
Affiliations

Identification of patient subgroups and risk factors for persistent breast pain following breast cancer surgery

Christine Miaskowski et al. J Pain. 2012 Dec.

Abstract

Study purposes were to determine the prevalence of persistent pain in the breast; characterize distinct persistent pain classes using growth mixture modeling; and evaluate for differences among these pain classes in demographic, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics. In addition, differences in the severity of common symptoms and quality of life outcomes measured prior to surgery, among the pain classes, were evaluated. Patients (n = 398) were recruited prior to surgery and followed for 6 months. Using growth mixture modeling, patients were classified into no (31.7%), mild (43.4%), moderate (13.3%), and severe (11.6%) pain groups based on ratings of worst breast pain. Differences in a number of demographic, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics differentiated among the pain classes. In addition, patients in the moderate and severe pain classes reported higher preoperative levels of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance than the no pain class. Findings suggest that approximately 25% of women experience significant and persistent levels of breast pain in the first 6 months following breast cancer surgery.

Perspective: Persistent pain is a significant problem for 25% of women following surgery for breast cancer. Severe breast pain is associated with clinically meaningful decrements in functional status and quality of life.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest and disclosures: None

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Observed and estimated breast pain trajectories for patients in each of the latent classes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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