Architecture and security in Vanet PPT
- 1. PRESENTED BY: AKASH KUMAR CHAUBEY(MCA/25014/18) TOPIC: ARCHITECTURE ANDSECURITYIN VANET
- 2. OUTLINE Introduction Vehicular Communication VANET Architecture Characteristics Security Conclusion References
- 3. WHAT IS VANET? A VANET, is a technology that uses moving cars as nodes in a network to create a mobile network. It is used toprovide communications among nearby vehicles and between vehicles and nearest fixed equipment, usually described as roadside equipment. “VANET make transportation systems more intelligent”
- 4. What is a VANET ? • Communication patterns – Roadside-to-Vehicle Communications ( RVC or V2I) – Inter-Vehicle Communications ( IVC or V2V) Roadside base station Inter-vehicle communications Vehicle-to-roadside communications Emergency event Roadside units (RSU) roadside -to-vehicle communications
- 5. Why do we need VANET? • Safety is the primary incentive Hundreds of thousands of people are killed world- wide due to road accidents yearly. Many more areinjured. Traffic Optimization Congestion/traffic jams cost time andfuel. • Infotainment applications – Traffic information, location of gas stations, Internet access DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications ) is the heart of the technology advance
- 6. Introduction – DSRC • A short range communication system for safety and infotainment applications in both roadside-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-vehicle environment • Designed to provide the high data transfer rates and minimum latency in the communication link • Federal Communication Commission allocated 5.9 GHz band (5.850-5.925 GHz) for DSRC to be used by Intelligent Transportation Systems
- 7. Introduction – 5.9 GHz DSRC • IEEE 802.11p – an approved amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to add wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE) •IEEE 1609 – a higher layer standard on IEEE 802.11p DSRC ALLOWS: Position Direction Speed DSRC Adoption: 10 % by 2018 70 % by 2027
- 8. Differences from MANET MANET Unicast and Multicast protocols in MANETs Majority of nodes in MANETs dependent on batteries fortheir energy. Unavailability of infrastructure VANET VANETs use broadcasting to provide important controland route establishment. VANET nodes are vehicles, so there are less power andstorage constraints. Fixed infrastructure forVANETs
- 9. Vehicular Communication VANET communicates through Wireless Accessfor Vehicular Environments (WAVE). The WAVEuses different types of Wireless Commutation devices such as (Wi-Fi / Wi-Max). The sensors or wireless devices can form a VANET network which resides on top of the vehicle.
- 11. Staircase approach: An application can select among multiple service access points to lower layers. Single-hop layer: communication to directradio neighbors. Multi-hop layer :forwarding packets to non neighbored nodes using neighbors asforwarders. Information connector: offering an interface to events such as “Position Update Events” or “Neighbor Position Change Events”.
- 12. IMPLEMENTING PROTOCOLS In cases of emergencies, the protocol is used to open an instant communication channel with the vehicle in the most dangerous situation. Unicast information packed ina broadcast protocol Belongs to: Reliable Protocols fora Specific Purpose
- 13. VANET Characteristics High mobility nodes Dynamic Network Topology No problem with power Network Strength Large Network
- 14. Problems in VANET • Bogus information – Attackers diffuse false information to affect the behavior of other drivers V changes its route and frees the road A2 sends a false message with1 2 traffic info
- 15. Problems in VANET • ID disclosure – Attackers tracks vehicles to obtain those drivers’ private information 1 *A at (x1,y1,) at time t1 *A communicates with B ２ *A refuels at time t2 and location (x2,y2) 3 *A enters the parking lot at time t3 *A downloads from Server x
- 16. Problems in VANET • Masquerade – Attackers use false identities to pretend another vehicles SLOW DOWN The way is clear
- 17. Problems in VANET • Denial of Service – Attackers want to bring down the VANET Jammer Roadside unit
- 18. Security Requirements • • • • • • Authentication – Authenticate legitimate OBUs and senders of messages Message Integrity – Ensure data integrity Privacy – Provide message unlinkability and prevent driver’s tracking Traceability and revocation – Trace and disable abusing OBUs by the authority Availability – Provide network availability under jamming attacks Efficiency – Impose low computation and communication overheads due to constraints on time
- 19. Assumptions Roadways are divided into geographic regions Trusted authorities – – Define regions to identify thepositions of the RSUs Issue certificates to RSUs and OBUs OBU OBU
- 20. Assumptions RSUs – – – Act as the regional authorities for their regions Are the tamper-proof devices Get a copy of the authority’s public key OBUs – Know their current location • GPS provides enough accuracy – Know how to contact a RSU Get a copy of the authority’s public key – OBU OBU
- 21. Discussions and Conclusions • VANET security is an emerging area • As different VANET protocols and applications are based on different assumptions, a common evaluation framework is needed to compare different security research contributions • Detection of malicious vehicles is still a challenge • Multicast source authentication which essentially guarantees that the received data is sent from the claimed source
- 22. References R. Chen, D. Ma, and A. Regan, “TARI: Meeting delay requirements in VANETs with efficient authentication and revocation,” In Proceedings of WAVE, 2009 A. Perrig, R. Canetti, D. Tygar, D. Song, “The TESLA broadcast authentication protocol,” CryptoBytes, vol. 5,2002 www.wikipedia.com Security and Privacy in VANET:A Survey by Muhammed Sameer,Jun Liang.