Remodeling of Tight Junctions and Enhancement of Barrier Integrity of the CACO-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cell Layer by Micronutrients
Fig 1
The effect of six micronutrients on CACO-2 transepithelial electrical resistance.
1A: 7-Day post-confluent CACO-2 cell layers on Millipore PCF filters were refed in control medium (apical and basal-lateral compartments) or medium containing 50μM, 100μM, or 200μM berberine chloride 12–17 hrs prior to electrical measurements. Data shown represents the mean ± standard error of 9 cell layers per condition (3 experiments, 3 cell layers per experiment). 1B: 7-Day post-confluent CACO-2 cell layers on Millipore PCF filters were refed, as above, in control medium or medium containing 1μM, 10μM, or 100μM Nicotine 48 hrs prior to electrical measurements. Data shown represents the mean ± standard error of 6 cell layers per condition (2 experiments, 3 cell layers per experiment). 1C: 4-Day post-confluent CACO-2 cell layers on Millipore PCF filters were refed, as in A, in control medium or medium containing 0.5mM, 2.0mM, or 5mM sodium butyrate 72 hrs prior to electrical measurements. Data shown represents the mean ± standard error of 6 cell layers per condition (2 experiments, 3 cell layers per experiment). 1D: 7-Day post-confluent CACO-2 cell layers on Millipore PCF filters were refed, as in A, in control medium or medium containing 100μM, 200μM, or 400μM quercetin 48hrs prior to electrical measurements. Data shown represents the mean ± standard error of 6 cell layers per condition (2 experiments, 3 cell layers per experiment). 1E: 7-Day post-confluent CACO-2 cell layers on Millipore PCF filters were refed, as in A, in control medium or medium containing 0.5mM, 1.0mM, or 2.0mM indole 48hrs prior to electrical measurements. Data shown represents the mean ± standard error of 9 cell layers per condition (3 experiments, 3 cell layers per experiment). 1F: 7-Day post-confluent CACO-2 cell layers on Millipore PCF filters were refed, as in A, in control medium or medium containing 50μM, 100μM, or 150μM zinc sulfate 48hrs prior to electrical measurements. Data shown represents the mean ± standard error of 12 cell layers for both the control and 100μM conditions, and 4 cell layers for both the 50μM and 150μM conditions. In all cases, data represents the percent of control resistance normalized for each experiment. * indicates P < 0.05; ** indicates P < 0.01; *** indicates P < 0.001 (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc testing versus control).