Fig. 4: Global projected workplace productivity loss from warming-related increase in moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) prevalence.

Calculated labor loss (in USD) for different climate scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (top) with different levels of future global warming over the 29 studied countries per (a) 100,000 people (mean and 95%CI across countries); (b) year. Cumulative sum of (c) absenteeism days, (d) presenteeism days, and (e) associated economic cost for different climate scenarios over the 2023–2100 period. Rates of (f) absenteeism (g) presenteeism, and (h) labor loss in 2100 per 100,000 people under different climate scenarios for the 29 studied countries. USD: US dollars; SSP: Shared Socioeconomic Pathway. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.