Dietary Fatty Acids Directly Impact Central Nervous System Autoimmunity via the Small Intestine
- PMID: 26488817
- DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.09.007
Dietary Fatty Acids Directly Impact Central Nervous System Autoimmunity via the Small Intestine
Erratum in
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Dietary Fatty Acids Directly Impact Central Nervous System Autoimmunity via the Small Intestine.Immunity. 2016 Apr 19;44(4):951-3. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.006. Immunity. 2016. PMID: 27096322 No abstract available.
Abstract
Growing empirical evidence suggests that nutrition and bacterial metabolites might impact the systemic immune response in the context of disease and autoimmunity. We report that long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) enhanced differentiation and proliferation of T helper 1 (Th1) and/or Th17 cells and impaired their intestinal sequestration via p38-MAPK pathway. Alternatively, dietary short-chain FAs (SCFAs) expanded gut T regulatory (Treg) cells by suppression of the JNK1 and p38 pathway. We used experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a model of T cell-mediated autoimmunity to show that LCFAs consistently decreased SCFAs in the gut and exacerbated disease by expanding pathogenic Th1 and/or Th17 cell populations in the small intestine. Treatment with SCFAs ameliorated EAE and reduced axonal damage via long-lasting imprinting on lamina-propria-derived Treg cells. These data demonstrate a direct dietary impact on intestinal-specific, and subsequently central nervous system-specific, Th cell responses in autoimmunity, and thus might have therapeutic implications for autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Comment in
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Short, but Smart: SCFAs Train T Cells in the Gut to Fight Autoimmunity in the Brain.Immunity. 2015 Oct 20;43(4):629-31. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.09.014. Immunity. 2015. PMID: 26488813 Free PMC article.
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T cell responses: A long-chain reaction.Nat Rev Immunol. 2015 Dec;15(12):726-7. doi: 10.1038/nri3934. Epub 2015 Oct 30. Nat Rev Immunol. 2015. PMID: 26515077 No abstract available.
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