Expert Contributors Articles

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Sumit Sinha Sumit Sinha
Updated on August 05, 2025

What Enterprise Leaders Get Wrong About Conversational AI and How to Fix It 

Many enterprise conversational AI projects fall short due to preventable errors and a fundamental misunderstanding of the technology. Here’s how to fix it.

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Ari Paparo Ari Paparo
Updated on August 05, 2025

What Antitrust Means in a Changed Ad Market

In this excerpt from his new book, expert Ari Paparo analyzes the effect of the Google verdict as the advertising market changes.

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Peter Grant Peter Grant
Updated on August 04, 2025

Need to Write Lambda Functions in Python? Here’s How.

Lambda functions are an extremely common form of code organization, simplification and clarification in Python. Here’s how to write them — fast.

Anthony Corbo Anthony Corbo
Updated on August 04, 2025

What Is Ethical Hacking?

Ethical hacking is an offensive-focused security investigation used to identify and exploit cybersecurity vulnerabilities within an IT environment.

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Alex Zelinsky Alex Zelinsky
Updated on August 04, 2025

Full vs. Complete Binary Tree: What’s the Difference?

A full binary tree is a tree where every node has either zero or two children, while a complete binary tree is a tree where all levels are fully filled except possibly the last (which is filled from left to right).

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Michael Galarnyk Michael Galarnyk
Updated on August 04, 2025

Train Test Split: What It Means and How to Use It

Train test split is a model validation procedure that splits a data set into a training set and a testing set, which are used to determine how your model performs on new data. Here’s how to apply it.

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Soner Yıldırım Soner Yıldırım
Updated on August 04, 2025

Dot Product of a Matrix: Explained

The dot product of a matrix refers to the matrix multiplication process, where the dot product is computed between rows of the first matrix and columns of the second matrix to produce a new matrix.

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Sohail Hosseini Sohail Hosseini
Updated on August 04, 2025

How to Use Loc and iLoc in Pandas: A Guide

The .loc[] and .iloc[] properties in Pandas are used to access specific rows and columns in a pandas DataFrame (or slice a data set). The .loc[] property is used for label indexing, while the .iloc[] property is used for integer indexing.

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David Klempfner David Klempfner
Updated on August 04, 2025

Two’s Complement: A Guide

Two’s complement is a binary encoding method used to represent signed integers in computing systems.

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Alex Vakulov Alex Vakulov
Updated on August 04, 2025

Can Metadata Standards Like C2PA Fight Deepfakes?

The C2PA standard enables embedding metadata into images and other media content to verify the presence of AI.

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