IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME pptx
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IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME pptx
- 1. IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME PRESENTED BY….. MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 2. DEFINITION • An Immunization Programme is a systematic public health initiative designed to deliver vaccines to the population—especially infants, children, and pregnant women—to protect them against vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 3. OBJECTIVES OF IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME •To protect individuals from vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). •To reduce infant and child mortality and morbidity. •To eliminate or eradicate diseases. •To break the chain of disease transmission. •To improve overall public health. MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 4. PARTNERS IN GLOBAL IMMUNIZATION • GAVI, WHO & UNICEF These three major global health organizations work together to improve vaccination coverage and protect millions of people, especially children and mothers, from preventable diseases. Organization Role Gavi(Global Alliance for vaccine & immunization) Financing & Support WHO Technical Guidance & Standards UNICEF Vaccine Procurement & Delivery
- 5. IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS 1-Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) 2-Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) 3-National Immunization Schedule (NIS) 4-Immunization Schedule by Indian Academy of Pediatrics(IAP) MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 6. 1-EXPANDED PROGRAMME ON IMMUNIZATION Globally launched by WHO in May 1974 to protect against six vaccine-preventable diseases. Launched in India in 1978 to protect the eligible population. •Main objective:- • Increase immunization coverage in children below 2 years of age. •Initially included:- •DPT (3 doses) •BCG (1 dose •TT (2 doses for pregnant women) MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 7. 2-UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME (UIP) Objectives were revised in 1985. Renamed as Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) in 1985 in memory of Smt. Indira Gandhi. Focus shifted to universal coverage for infants and pregnant women. By 1990, UIP covered the entire country. Became part of:- Child Survival and Safe Motherhood (CSSM) programme in 1992. Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) programme in 1997. MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 8. Age Vaccines Given At Birth BCG, OPV-0, Hepatitis B (birth dose) 6 Weeks OPV-1, Pentavalent-1, Rotavirus Vaccine (RV)-1, PCV- 1*, fIPV-1 10 Weeks OPV-2, Pentavalent-2, Rotavirus Vaccine (RV)-2 14 Weeks OPV-3, Pentavalent-3, Rotavirus Vaccine (RV)-3, PCV- 2*, fIPV-2 9–12 Months Measles-Rubella (MR)-1, JE-1**, PCV Booster* 16–24 Months DPT Booster-1, OPV Booster, MR-2, JE-2**, fIPV-3 5–6 Years DPT Booster-2 10 Years Td (Tetanus and adult Diphtheria) 16 Years Td (Tetanus and adult Diphtheria) Pregnant Women Td-1, Td-2, or Td-Booster*** MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 9. 3-NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE (NIS) • The National Immunization Programme is a government-led public health initiative aimed at providing vaccinations to prevent common and serious infectious diseases in infants, children, and pregnant women. MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 10. Vaccines for Pregnant Women: Vaccine When to Give Dose Route Site Td-1 Early in pregnancy 0.5 ml Intramuscular Upper arm Td-2 4 weeks after Td-1* 0.5 ml Intramuscular Upper arm Td-Booster If received 2 TT/Td doses in pregnancy within last 3 years* 0.5 ml Intramuscular Upper arm Note: TT doses should be given before 36 weeks pregnancy; if more than 36 weeks, still give TT if woman is in labor and has not received TT previously.
- 11. Vaccines for Infants:- Vaccine When to Give Dose Route Site BCG At birth or as early as possible till 1 year 0.1 ml (0.05 ml till 1 month age) Intradermal Left upper arm Hepatitis B - birth dose At birth or within 24 hours 0.5 ml Intramuscular Antero-lateral side of mid-thigh OPV-0 At birth or within first 15 days 2 drops Oral Oral OPV 1, 2, 3 At 6 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks (till 5 years) 2 drops Oral Oral Pentavalent 1, 2, 3 At 6 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks (till 1 year) 0.5 ml Intramuscular Antero-lateral side of mid-thigh PCV Two doses at 6 & 14 weeks, booster at 9-12 months 0.5 ml Intramuscular Antero-lateral side of mid-thigh Rotavirus# At 6, 10, 14 weeks (till 1 year) 5 drops Oral Oral fIPV Two fractional doses at 6 & 14 weeks, third dose at 9-12 months 0.1 ml Intradermal Right upper arm Measles Rubella (MR) 1st dose 9-12 months (till 5 years) 0.5 ml Subcutaneous Right upper arm JE-1** 9-12 months 0.5 ml Subcutaneous Left upper arm Vitamin A (1st dose) 9 months with measles-Rubella 1 ml (1 lakh IU) Oral Oral MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 12. Vaccines for Children: Vaccine When to Give Dose Route Site DPT Booster-1 16-24 months 0.5 ml Intramuscular Antero-lateral side of mid-thigh MR 2nd dose$ 16-24 months 0.5 ml Subcutaneous Right upper arm OPV Booster 16-24 months 2 drops Oral Oral JE-2 16-24 months 0.5 ml Subcutaneous Left upper arm Vitamin A*** 16-18 months, then every 6 months till 5 years 2 ml (2 lakh IU) Oral Oral DPT Booster-2 5-6 years 0.5 ml Intramuscular Upper arm Td 10 years and 16 years 0.5 ml Intramuscular Upper arm MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 13. 4-Immunization Schedule by Indian Academy of Pediatrics • Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) Immunization Schedule for 2020-2021. • This schedule is a recommendation for routine vaccination of children in India and differs slightly from the Government of India's Universal Immunization Programme (UIP). MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 14. Age Vaccine(s) Comments Birth BCG, OPV-0, Hepatitis B-1 BCG before discharge; OPV as early as possible; Hep B within 24 hrs 6 weeks DTwP/DTaP-1, Hib-1, Hep B- 2, IPV-1, Rotavirus-1, PCV-1 (Pentavalent) DTwP preferred in UIP; IPV 6–14 weeks; PCV as per availability 10 weeks DTwP/DTaP-2, Hib-2, Hep B- 3, IPV-2, Rotavirus-2, PCV-2 RV1 = 2 doses; others may need 3 doses 14 weeks DTwP/DTaP-3, Hib-3, Hep B- 4, IPV-3, Rotavirus-3, PCV-3 (Pentavalent) 4th dose Hep B allowed in combination vaccines 6 months Influenza (IIV)-1 Uniform dose (0.5 ml) 7 months Influenza (IIV)-2 Repeat yearly till age 5; before monsoon 6–9 months Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine Single dose; no booster as per latest data
- 15. Age Vaccine(s) Comments 9 months MMR-1 12 months Hepatitis A-1 Single dose if using live attenuated vaccine 15 months MMR-2, Varicella-1, PCV Booster 16–18 mo DTwP/DTaP Booster-1, Hib-B1, IPV-B1 First booster for these vaccines 18–19 mo Hep A-2, Varicella-2 2nd dose only if using inactivated Hep A 4–6 years DTwP/DTaP-2, IPV-B2, MMR-3 2nd DTP booster and 3rd MMR dose 10–12 yrs Tdap, HPV Tdap even if DTP-2 given; HPV: 2 doses (9–14 yrs), 3 doses (15+ yrs or immunocompromised) MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
- 17. MS. ANEETA SHARMA NURSING LECTURER (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)